Outline

First Meeting Notes

Second Meeting Notes Marisa Presentation: Uruguay_Research_On_Time_Use

Third Meeting Notes James Presentation: NTA_and_Time_Use

Fourth Meeting Notes

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Tentative Research Plan (see Fourth Meeting Notes above for more details)

Separate Paid Economy NTA by Sex

1. No macro controls by sex, so age profile shares determine macro shares
2. For profiles based on external sources, these may be available by sex
   • Public and private education enrollment
   • Other public programs
3. For individual-level variables from survey, separate by sex
4. For household-level variables from surveys, compare methods:
   • Data driven allocations (regression, iterative method) by age and sex
   • EAC weights
5. Must also add sensitivity analysis to examine role of headship in determining sex differences in age profiles
   • Survey-determined head
   • Highest earner head
   • Proportional headship by earnings
   • Equal shares of headship to all adults in household

Satellite Unpaid Economy NTA (assumes you have a time use survey, TUS)

1. Identify unpaid activities in TUS that are equivalent to activities included in the NIPA when they are paid
   • 3rd person criterion - possible to pay someone else to do it
   • Maintain time units (multitasking does not make more than 24 hours in a day)
     • If TUS includes multiple activities, divide time evenly between activities
     • If TUS assigns "primary" and "secondary" activity, divide time 2/3 to primary and 1/3 to secondary
       • Include sensitivity analysis using different ratios
   • No volunteer work because not included in NIPA?
2. Impute a wage to those activities
   • Use multiple valuation methods to give range of estimates
     • Opportunity Cost (upper bound?)
     • Replacement/Substitution Cost - by activity
     • Replacement/Substitution Cost - by housekeeper wage (lower bound?)
   • Include pre-tax and post-tax
     • Pre-tax to focus on cost of care
     • Post-tax to focus on choices individuals face to monetize activity or not
3. Calculate unpaid YL profile
4. Calculate equivalent of C profile but for consumption of services of unpaid labor
   • When activity specifies care recipient within the home, assign to age of recipient member
     • Use data driven allocation if more than one possible recipient of care within the household
   • When activity is consumed by household members as a group, compare methods:
     • Data driven allocations by age and sex
     • EAC weights
   • When activity is consumed outside of household
     • Assign to age if indicated in survey
     • Assign to caregiver's age + generation length if survey indicates care of parent
     • Assign on equal per capita basis if unknown recipient
5. Calculate equivalent of intra- and inter-household transfer inflows and outflows based on C and YL of unpaid labor
   • Use “unitary model” for intrahousehold transfers (from each according to his surplus, to each according to his deficit)
   • Interhousehold is residual after intrahousehold flows are calculated
6. No asset-based reallocations or government transfers by definition

Reading List

This is a group of papers I have found as I begin learning about Time Use research. PLEASE add other papers that you have found helpful and exciting and feel free to ignore any papers here that are not in line with your interests. Also, if you are unable to download any of the works here, please let me know. -Gretchen

1. Time Use and Gender Research in NTA
   • Thailand Time Use Paper
   • Swedish Team's Conference Presentation (no time use, but results of current NTA by gender)
2. Non-NTA Time Use Research
   • Data issues
     • Validating the American Time Use Survey: Does anybody really know what they were doing yesterday? by Alan B. Krueger, Princeton University 1/28/07
     • The time cost of care, by Michael Bittman, Kimberly Fisher, Patricia Hill and Cathy Thomson (click "download the selected file" in middle of page)
   • Models Including Time Use
     • Intergenerational time transfers and childcare, by Emanuela Cardia and Serena Ng
   • Empirical Results on Time Transfers
     • European patterns of intergenerational financial and time transfers, by Claudine Attias-Donfut, Jim Ogg and François-Charles Wolff
     • Intergenerational Flows of Time and Goods: Consequences of Slowing Population Growth Author(s): Ronald D. Lee and Shelley Lapkoff Source: The Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 96, No. 3 (Jun., 1988), pp. 618-651
   • Valuing Unpaid Labor
     • Mothers' Milk and Measures of Economic Output, by Julie P. Smith and Lindy H. Ingham
     • For Love or Money - Or Both? by Nancy Folbre and Julie A. Nelson
     • Measuring the Subjective Well-Being of Nations: National Accounts of Time Use and Well-Being, Alan B. Krueger, editor (This is no longer available online. Check your library and I'll be bringing a copy with me to the conference if people want to copy chapters.)
     • Households' Non-SNA Production: Labour Time, Value of Labour and of Product, and Contribution to Extended Private Consumption, by Luisella Goldschmidt-Clermont and Elisabetta Pagnossin-Aligisakis, 1999, in Review of Income and Wealth, 45(4), December, pages 519-529
     • Measures of Unrecorded Economic Activities in Fourteen Countries, by Luisella Goldschmidt-Clermont and Elisabetta Pagnossin-Aligisakis, 1995
     • Unpaid Work and the Australian Economy: 1997, by the Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2000
     • Accounting for Household Production. A Prototype Satellite Account using the American Time Use Survey, by S. Landefeld, B. Fraumeni, and C. Vojtech, Review of Income and Wealth, 2009
     • Goldschmidt-Clermont, L. (1993): Monetary valuation of non-market productive time. Methodological evaluation, Review of Income and Wealth 39/4, 419-433.
     • Holloway, Sue-Sarah Templin (2001): Valuing informal childcare in the UK, London: Household Sattelite Account Branch – Office for National Statistics
     • Robinson, Rachel Sullivan , Lee, Ronald D. and Kramer, Karen L.(2008) Counting women's labour: A reanalysis of children's net production using Cain's data from a Bangladeshi village", Population Studies, 62: 1, 25-38.

PLEASE SUGGEST MORE PAPERS HERE OR IN THE COMMENT BOX BELOW!

Online Resources

Center for Time Use Research, University of Oxford

International Association for Time Use Research

Index to the International Journal of Time Use Research

UN Page on Time and Time Use Data

Guide to Producing Statistics on Time Use: Measuring Paid and Unpaid Work (2005 UN publication): PDF in English UN publication listing with several other languages available

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